The Process of Architectural Investigation

whitePaper | November 14, 2019

Three significant anniversaries occurred in 2019. Seventy years ago, on October 1, 1949, Mao Zedong declared the founding of the People’s Republic of China and, as Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), was anointed the country’s paramount leader. Forty years ago, on January 1, 1979, the United States and the People’s Republic of China established diplomatic relations. And thirty years ago, on June 4, 1989, the leadership of the CCP, having declared martial law, sent troops to violently extinguish a peaceful protest, resulting in the Tiananmen Square massacre.

whitePaper | March 16, 2022

A long-term commitment to sustained federal research and development (R&D) funding in AI is critical to advance the United States’ leadership in global innovation. The federal government should increase non-defense investment in AI and basic research to strengthen research in critical fields of AI R&D, including healthcare, education, finance, and more, that underpin economic stability and robust growth. Such investment should reflect a multidisciplinary approach, focused on advancing basic and applied R&D, research on AI governance and norm-setting, and supporting research infrastructure with multi-agency collaboration.

whitePaper | March 13, 2023

The intensifying impacts of climate change create challenges for the environment, public health, and the economy. President Biden set an ambitious target for the United States to achieve a 50-52 percent reduction in annual greenhouse gas emissions1 from 2005 levels by 2030, and is mobilizing a whole-of-government approach to climate action, capitalizing on major legislative achievements, through policies in the 2024 fiscal year budget that hasten and smooth the transition to a net-zero economy.

whitePaper | May 25, 2022

On 22 July 1994, then 29-year-old army lieutenant Yahya Abdul-Aziz Jemus Junkung Jammeh came to power through a military coup d’état – having ousted the democratically elected President Sir Dawda Kairaba Jawara. For 22 years, Yahya Jammeh ruled The Gambia with an iron fist. During his regime, extrajudicial killings, rape, torture, enforced disappearances, and numerous grievous human rights violations became part and parcel of his military Junta.

whitePaper | November 3, 2021

The Department of Defense (DoD) annual report to Congress on military and security developments involving the People’s Republic of China (PRC) provides a baseline assessment of the Department’s pacing challenge. The PRC has long viewed the United States as a competitor and has characterized its view of strategic competition in terms of a rivalry among powerful nation states, as well as a clash of opposing systems. As expressed in the Interim National Security Strategic Guidance, the PRC is the only competitor capable of combining its economic, diplomatic, military, and technological power to mount a sustained challenge to a stable and open international system. The PRC is increasingly clear in its ambitions and intentions.

whitePaper | March 17, 2023

The International Republican Institute (IRI) is one of the world’s leading international democracy development organizations. The nonpartisan, nongovernmental institute has supported civil society organizations, journalists, democratic governments and other democratic actors in more than 100 countries since 1983—in Africa, Asia, Eurasia, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East and North Africa—with a current presence in over 70 and working in over 100. Through its global support network to advance digital democracy initiatives, IRI provides capacity building trainings to strengthen grassroots actors’ ability to launch, sustain and scale digital democracy projects; and supports civictech and govtech projects around the world.